INPUT LATENCY & POLLING BOTTLENECK MATH
Display Scan-out Period, Polling Rates & Human Reaction Time
System input latency is the cumulative delay from a physical hardware trigger (mouse click or screen tap) to the photons emitting from the display panel. Total end-to-end latency consists of three distinct components:
LATENCY PIPELINE FORMULA
T_total = T_peripheral + T_system_render + (1000 / 2 × Refresh_Hz) + T_pixel_response
Where average VSync scan-out delay equals half of the display frame period 1 / (2f).
60 Hz StandardFrame Period: 16.67 ms
Average scan-out wait time: 8.33 ms before next frame buffer swap.
240 Hz GamingFrame Period: 4.17 ms
Average scan-out wait time: 2.08 ms. Eliminates 6.25 ms of visual delay.
540 Hz Ultra-EsportsFrame Period: 1.85 ms
Average scan-out wait time: 0.93 ms. Sub-millisecond display pacing.